Discovery of New Cancer in the 1-year Follow-up After Ischemic Stroke in Patients at Risk: The INVISIBLE-1 Study

Trial Title: Discovery of New Cancer in the 1-year Follow-up After Ischemic Stroke in Patients at Risk: The INVISIBLE-1 Study

NCT ID: NCT06100718

Condition: Cancer-related Stroke
Paraneoplastic Coagulopathy
Occult Cancer
Ischemic Stroke
Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
D-dimer

Conditions: Official terms:
Stroke
Ischemic Stroke
Cerebral Infarction
Embolic Stroke
Ischemia

Conditions: Keywords:
Cancer-related stroke
D-dimer
ESUS
Occult cancer
Ischemic stroke

Study type: Observational

Overall status: Recruiting

Study design:

Time perspective: Prospective

Summary: INVISIBLE-1 aims to prospectively follow patients up to one year after ischemic stroke to: 1. Determine the cumulative incidence of occult cancer in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) and elevated D-dimer 2. Describe occult cancer characteristics and spontaneous course of occult cancer Methodology The investigators will include 370 stroke patients with elevated D-dimer (≥ 820 μg/L) at the time of stroke, suspicion of ESUS after initial workup and without known cancer. The investigators will perform a follow-up telephone interview at one year to assess the occurrence of a new cancer and characterize the course of the disease. Significance Determining the real incidence of occult cancer in high-risk patients will help support the implementation of screening trials in the future. Faster detection and treatment of occult cancers would significantly impact patient' outcomes by offering faster cancer treatment and optimal secondary stroke prevention.

Detailed description: INVISIBLE-1 is the first prospective study conducting a 1-year post-stroke follow-up telephone interview in preselected stroke patients at high-risk for occult cancer. INVISIBLE-1 aims to: 1. Prospectively determine the cumulative incidence of occult cancer in patients with elevated D-dimer and ESUS within 1 year after the ischemic stroke 2. Describe occult cancer characteristics and spontaneous course of occult cancer Hypothesis Elevated D-dimer and suspicion of ESUS at admission may predict an underlying unknown cancer at the time of index stroke. The investigators hypothesize that the cumulative incidence of newly diagnosed cancer within 1 year after stroke reaches 15% in patients presenting these characteristics. This percentage is higher than the 10% currently known according to available retrospective studies. Project design To ensure the recruitment of the majority of potential occult cancer patients, the investigators set the D-dimer cut-off for inclusion of ≥ 820 μg/L at admission, based on our intern retrospective analyses of 1001 patients (OCCULT-5 score). In patients with ESUS, this cut-off was associated with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 56% for the presence of an occult cancer diagnosed within 1 year after the index-stroke. As suggested by the current evidence, the investigators decided to set the limit for diagnosis of new cancer at 1 year after the index stroke. Beyond this period, the causality is questionable in our opinion.

Criteria for eligibility:

Study pop:
This study aims to include 370 stroke-patients with elevated D-dimer (≥ 820 μg/L) at baseline and suspicion of ESUS after initial workup in emergency room.

Sampling method: Non-Probability Sample
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria: - Informed consent as documented by signature from patient or next of kin - Age ≥ 18 years old - Acute ischemic stroke with symptom onset within 48 h before admission - Acute ischemic stroke with: - persistent signs and symptoms of stroke lasting for ≥ 24 hours OR - acute brain infarction documented by computer tomography (CT) or MRI - D-dimer ≥ 820 μg/L measured after symptom-onset and within 24h after admission - Embolic stroke of unknown source (ESUS)* after initial work-up (acute cerebral imaging, 12-lead electrocardiogram, cardiac monitoring for at least 24h and echocardiography) Exclusion Criteria: - Active cancer** known at time of index-stroke - Intravenous Thrombolysis administrated prior to D-dimer measurement: Use of external laboratory value possible if available - New diagnosis of central nervous system cancer - Patient or next of kin (in case of lacking capacity) unlikely to be compliant or available for study follow-up interview ESUS*: According to the definition from the NAVIGATE ESUS randomized trial: Non-lacunar ischemic stroke occurring in a patient in whom investigations did not show another specifically treatable underlying stroke etiology, primarily >50% stenosis in a proximal extracranial or intracranial artery, atrial fibrillation, other major-risk cardioembolic sources, or other determined etiology. Active Cancer**: According to the definition from the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis: Cancer diagnosed within the previous six months, recurrent, regionally advanced or metastatic cancer, cancer for which treatment had been administered within six months, or hematological malignancy that is not in complete remission for more than 5 years. ► Patients with history of cancer not meeting these criteria anymore can be included in the study.

Gender: All

Minimum age: 18 Years

Maximum age: N/A

Locations:

Facility:
Name: Dept. of Neurology, Centre Hospital Universitaire Vaudois

Address:
City: Lausanne
Zip: 1011
Country: Switzerland

Status: Recruiting

Contact:
Last name: Michel Patrik

Phone: +41 79 556 8416
Email: patrik.michel@chuv.ch

Contact backup:
Last name: Davide Strambo

Phone: +4121 314 17 74
Email: Davide.Strambo@chuv.ch

Facility:
Name: Dept. of Neurology, Universitätsspital Basel

Address:
City: Basel
Zip: 4031
Country: Switzerland

Status: Recruiting

Contact:
Last name: Mira Katan, MD

Phone: +41 61 328 45 06
Email: Mira.Katan@usb.ch

Contact backup:
Last name: Johannes Frenger

Phone: +41 61 265 25 25
Email: Johannes.Frenger@usb.ch

Facility:
Name: Dept, of Neurology, Inselspital, University of Bern

Address:
City: Bern
Zip: 3010
Country: Switzerland

Status: Recruiting

Contact:
Last name: Simon Jung, MD

Phone: +41 31 63 2 43 27
Email: Simon.jung@insel.ch

Contact backup:
Last name: Morin Beyeler, MD

Phone: +41 31 66 4 12 26
Email: Morin.beyeler@insel.ch

Start date: January 1, 2022

Completion date: December 31, 2025

Lead sponsor:
Agency: Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern
Agency class: Other

Source: Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern

Record processing date: ClinicalTrials.gov processed this data on November 12, 2024

Source: ClinicalTrials.gov page: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06100718